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* Cloudflare R2 queue poller for stork.
*
* Implements the queue/poll half of the durable email ingest model:
* 1. A Cloudflare Email Worker writes each inbound email as a JSON object to
* an R2 bucket under a configurable prefix (default: "pending/").
* 2. This poller lists the bucket on a configurable interval, downloads each
* pending object, parses and stores the email, then deletes the object.
* 3. Objects are only deleted after a successful DB write — if stork is
* locked or the write fails, the object stays in R2 and is retried on
* the next poll cycle.
* 4. Message-ID deduplication in storeInboundEmail prevents duplicates on
* the rare path where a crash occurs between write and delete.
*
* Authentication uses AWS SigV4 with Cloudflare R2's S3-compatible API.
* The region string for R2 is "auto".
*/
import type Database from "better-sqlite3-multiple-ciphers";
import { storeInboundEmail } from "../storage/email-storage.js";
import { signR2Request } from "./r2-sigv4.js";
const DEFAULT_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 60_000; // 60 seconds
const MAX_BACKOFF_MS = 30 * 60 * 1000; // 30 minutes
const MAX_KEYS_PER_POLL = 100;
interface R2ConnectorRow {
id: number;
cf_r2_account_id: string;
cf_r2_bucket_name: string;
cf_r2_access_key_id: string;
cf_r2_secret_access_key: string;
cf_r2_prefix: string;
cf_r2_poll_interval_ms: number | null;
}
interface PollerState {
connectorId: number;
cfAccountId: string;
bucketName: string;
accessKeyId: string;
secretAccessKey: string;
prefix: string;
pollIntervalMs: number;
timer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null;
running: boolean;
pollPromise: Promise<void> | null;
lastPoll: number | null;
lastError: string | null;
consecutiveErrors: number;
}
export interface R2PollerOptions {
/** Default poll interval in ms when a connector has no per-connector override (default: 60s) */
defaultPollIntervalMs?: number;
/** Called after each successful poll cycle */
onPollComplete?: (connectorId: number, stored: number) => void;
/** Called when a poll cycle fails */
onPollError?: (connectorId: number, error: Error) => void;
}
/**
* Manages periodic polling of Cloudflare R2 buckets for queued inbound emails.
*
* Usage:
* const poller = new R2Poller(db, { onPollComplete, onPollError });
* poller.loadConnectorsFromDb();
* poller.start();
* // later:
* await poller.stop();
*/
export class R2Poller {
private db: Database.Database;
private defaultPollIntervalMs: number;
private onPollComplete?: (connectorId: number, stored: number) => void;
private onPollError?: (connectorId: number, error: Error) => void;
private connectors: Map<number, PollerState> = new Map();
private started = false;
constructor(db: Database.Database, options: R2PollerOptions = {}) {
this.db = db;
this.defaultPollIntervalMs = options.defaultPollIntervalMs ?? DEFAULT_POLL_INTERVAL_MS;
this.onPollComplete = options.onPollComplete;
this.onPollError = options.onPollError;
}
/**
* Load all fully-configured cloudflare-r2 connectors from the database.
* Skips connectors with missing required fields (logs a warning).
*/
loadConnectorsFromDb(): void {
const rows = this.db
.prepare(
`SELECT id, cf_r2_account_id, cf_r2_bucket_name,
cf_r2_access_key_id, cf_r2_secret_access_key,
cf_r2_prefix, cf_r2_poll_interval_ms
FROM inbound_connectors
WHERE type = 'cloudflare-r2'
AND cf_r2_account_id IS NOT NULL
AND cf_r2_bucket_name IS NOT NULL
AND cf_r2_access_key_id IS NOT NULL
AND cf_r2_secret_access_key IS NOT NULL`,
)
.all() as R2ConnectorRow[];
for (const row of rows) {
Iif (this.connectors.has(row.id)) continue;
this.addConnectorFromRow(row);
}
}
/** Add a single R2 connector at runtime (e.g. after creation via API). */
addConnector(row: R2ConnectorRow): void {
if (this.connectors.has(row.id)) {
this.removeConnector(row.id);
}
this.addConnectorFromRow(row);
}
/** Remove a connector and stop polling it. */
removeConnector(connectorId: number): void {
const state = this.connectors.get(connectorId);
Iif (!state) return;
Iif (state.timer) clearInterval(state.timer);
this.connectors.delete(connectorId);
}
/** Start the poller — begins periodic polling for all registered connectors. */
start(): void {
Iif (this.started) return;
this.started = true;
for (const state of this.connectors.values()) {
this.startConnectorPoll(state);
}
}
/**
* Stop all polling — cancels timers and waits for any in-flight polls to finish
* (up to 5 seconds).
*/
async stop(): Promise<void> {
this.started = false;
const pending: Promise<void>[] = [];
for (const state of this.connectors.values()) {
Eif (state.timer) {
clearInterval(state.timer);
state.timer = null;
}
Iif (state.pollPromise) {
pending.push(state.pollPromise);
}
}
Iif (pending.length > 0) {
const timeout = new Promise<void>((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 5000));
await Promise.race([Promise.allSettled(pending), timeout]);
}
}
/** Trigger an immediate poll for a specific connector. */
async pollNow(connectorId: number): Promise<number> {
const state = this.connectors.get(connectorId);
if (!state) throw new Error(`R2 connector ${connectorId} is not registered`);
return this.runPoll(state);
}
/** Return status of all registered connectors. */
getStatus(): Map<
number,
{ running: boolean; lastPoll: number | null; lastError: string | null }
> {
const out = new Map<
number,
{ running: boolean; lastPoll: number | null; lastError: string | null }
>();
for (const [id, s] of this.connectors) {
out.set(id, { running: s.running, lastPoll: s.lastPoll, lastError: s.lastError });
}
return out;
}
private addConnectorFromRow(row: R2ConnectorRow): void {
const state: PollerState = {
connectorId: row.id,
cfAccountId: row.cf_r2_account_id,
bucketName: row.cf_r2_bucket_name,
accessKeyId: row.cf_r2_access_key_id,
secretAccessKey: row.cf_r2_secret_access_key,
prefix: row.cf_r2_prefix ?? "pending/",
pollIntervalMs: row.cf_r2_poll_interval_ms ?? this.defaultPollIntervalMs,
timer: null,
running: false,
pollPromise: null,
lastPoll: null,
lastError: null,
consecutiveErrors: 0,
};
this.connectors.set(row.id, state);
if (this.started) {
this.startConnectorPoll(state);
}
}
private startConnectorPoll(state: PollerState): void {
this.runPoll(state).catch(() => {});
state.timer = setInterval(() => {
this.runPoll(state).catch(() => {});
}, state.pollIntervalMs);
}
private async runPoll(state: PollerState): Promise<number> {
Iif (state.running) return 0;
state.running = true;
const connectorId = state.connectorId;
const doRun = async (): Promise<number> => {
try {
const stored = await this.pollConnector(state);
state.lastPoll = Date.now();
state.lastError = null;
state.consecutiveErrors = 0;
this.onPollComplete?.(connectorId, stored);
return stored;
} catch (err) {
const error = err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err));
state.lastError = error.message;
state.consecutiveErrors++;
this.onPollError?.(connectorId, error);
// Apply exponential backoff
Iif (state.consecutiveErrors > 1 && state.timer) {
clearInterval(state.timer);
const backoffMs = Math.min(
state.pollIntervalMs * 2 ** (state.consecutiveErrors - 1),
MAX_BACKOFF_MS,
);
state.timer = setInterval(() => {
this.runPoll(state).catch(() => {});
}, backoffMs);
}
throw error;
} finally {
state.running = false;
state.pollPromise = null;
}
};
const promise = doRun();
state.pollPromise = promise.then(() => {}).catch(() => {});
return promise;
}
/**
* Execute one poll cycle for a connector:
* list pending objects → download each → parse + store → delete on success.
*/
private async pollConnector(state: PollerState): Promise<number> {
const baseUrl = `https://${state.cfAccountId}.r2.cloudflarestorage.com`;
const keys = await this.listObjects(state, baseUrl);
let stored = 0;
for (const key of keys) {
stored += await this.processObject(state, baseUrl, key);
}
return stored;
}
/**
* List object keys in the R2 bucket under the configured prefix.
* Uses the S3 ListObjectsV2 API (list-type=2).
*/
private async listObjects(state: PollerState, baseUrl: string): Promise<string[]> {
const url = new URL(`${baseUrl}/${state.bucketName}`);
url.searchParams.set("list-type", "2");
url.searchParams.set("prefix", state.prefix);
url.searchParams.set("max-keys", String(MAX_KEYS_PER_POLL));
const headers = signR2Request({
method: "GET",
url,
accessKeyId: state.accessKeyId,
secretAccessKey: state.secretAccessKey,
});
const res = await fetch(url.toString(), { method: "GET", headers });
if (!res.ok) {
const body = await res.text().catch(() => "");
throw new Error(`R2 list failed: ${res.status} ${res.statusText} — ${body}`);
}
const xml = await res.text();
return parseListObjectsKeys(xml);
}
/**
* Download, parse, and store one R2 object as an inbound email.
* Deletes the object from R2 on success or on unrecoverable parse errors.
* Returns the number of identities the message was stored for.
*/
private async processObject(state: PollerState, baseUrl: string, key: string): Promise<number> {
// Download the object
const getUrl = new URL(`${baseUrl}/${state.bucketName}/${encodeObjectKey(key)}`);
const getHeaders = signR2Request({
method: "GET",
url: getUrl,
accessKeyId: state.accessKeyId,
secretAccessKey: state.secretAccessKey,
});
const res = await fetch(getUrl.toString(), { method: "GET", headers: getHeaders });
if (!res.ok) {
throw new Error(`R2 get failed for ${key}: ${res.status} ${res.statusText}`);
}
const body = await res.text();
// Parse the payload
let payload: { from: string; to: string; raw: string; rawSize: number };
try {
payload = JSON.parse(body);
} catch (err) {
// Unrecoverable — bad JSON will never succeed on retry; delete and skip
console.error(`[r2-poller] Deleting unparseable object ${key}: ${err}`);
await this.deleteObject(state, baseUrl, key);
return 0;
}
if (!payload.raw || typeof payload.raw !== "string") {
console.error(`[r2-poller] Deleting malformed payload for ${key}: missing 'raw' field`);
await this.deleteObject(state, baseUrl, key);
return 0;
}
// Store in DB — if this throws (e.g. locked container), the object stays in R2
let result: { stored: number };
try {
result = await storeInboundEmail(this.db, state.connectorId, payload);
} catch (err) {
// Transient DB error — leave in R2 for retry
throw new Error(
`DB write failed for ${key}: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}`,
);
}
// Delete from R2 after successful write (or if all deliveries were duplicates)
await this.deleteObject(state, baseUrl, key);
return result.stored;
}
/** Delete an object from R2. Errors are logged but not rethrown. */
private async deleteObject(state: PollerState, baseUrl: string, key: string): Promise<void> {
const url = new URL(`${baseUrl}/${state.bucketName}/${encodeObjectKey(key)}`);
const headers = signR2Request({
method: "DELETE",
url,
accessKeyId: state.accessKeyId,
secretAccessKey: state.secretAccessKey,
});
const res = await fetch(url.toString(), { method: "DELETE", headers });
// 204 = deleted, 404 = already gone — both are fine
if (!res.ok && res.status !== 404) {
console.error(
`[r2-poller] Failed to delete R2 object ${key}: ${res.status} ${res.statusText}`,
);
}
}
}
/**
* Extract object keys from an S3 ListObjectsV2 XML response.
* Keys appear as <Key>...</Key> inside <Contents> blocks.
*/
export function parseListObjectsKeys(xml: string): string[] {
const keys: string[] = [];
// Match all <Key>...</Key> elements (contents keys)
const re = /<Key>([^<]+)<\/Key>/g;
for (const match of xml.matchAll(re)) {
keys.push(unescapeXml(match[1]));
}
return keys;
}
/** Unescape XML character references in an attribute value. */
function unescapeXml(s: string): string {
return s
.replace(/&/g, "&")
.replace(/</g, "<")
.replace(/>/g, ">")
.replace(/'/g, "'")
.replace(/"/g, '"');
}
/**
* Encode an R2 object key for use in a URL path component.
* Encodes all characters except '/' (which separates path segments in key names).
*/
function encodeObjectKey(key: string): string {
return key
.split("/")
.map((seg) => encodeURIComponent(seg))
.join("/");
}
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